fat nand NO 70：最近研究，早饭前后锻炼身体对健康的影响大不相同

发布时间 : 2024-11-23

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NO 70：最近研究，早饭前后锻炼身体对健康的影响大不相同

适用对象 : 高一尖子生，高二中等生、高三学生；想参加大学四、六级等级考试的同学。

效果说明 : 依据本人近十年的实验数据，严格按照要求熟读100篇英语无障碍阅读成绩可提高约5分，200篇约10分，300篇约15分，400篇约20-25分，500篇约25-30分。从教30多年的老九老师悄悄地告诉您：高中/大学英语无障碍阅读是迅速扩大英语词汇量提升英语阅读水平十分十分十分有效的手段，我个人近几年年年教毕业班，屡试屡验！

使用方法 (以家长/教师为例): ①先要求孩子做好阅读笔记（让孩子借助“全文汉语翻译”及“疑似生词加注”摘录整理在学习过程中遇到的难句和生词）。换言之，孩子除了记在笔记上的难句和生词，阅读材料中的其它句子和单词都应该能完全理解。②检查孩子对记在笔记上的难句的理解和生词的记忆（没有条件的只抽查生词，尤其是绿色斜体部分的单词，注意只要求孩子根据英语写汉语）。

编辑声明: 高中/大学无障碍阅读系列材料来自市面或网络上公开的全国各地高考原文、名地名校模考佳文、《英语周报》、大学各类等级考试中（低、中难度）原文。所有文章均由张九明本人参照《网易有道词典》编译而成。翻译时采用“英式汉化”翻译（虽然从汉语的角度看这样的翻译很不规范）便于学员您对原文的快速理解。

NO 70：最近研究，早饭前后锻炼身体对健康的影响大不相同

1 For those who can stomach it, working out before breakfast may be more beneficial for health than eating first, according to a study of meal timing and physical activity.

有一项关于“进餐时间和体育活动（锻炼效果间的关系）”的研究表明：对能忍受饥饿的人来说，早餐前锻炼身体比早餐后锻炼身体更有益于健康。

stomach胃-食欲-欲望n/消化-忍受v，beneficial有利的/有益的

2 Athletes and scientists have long known that meal timing affects performance . However, far less has been known about how meal timing and exercise might affect general health.

科学家和运动员早就知道：进餐时间的早晚会影响体育成绩。然而，对于进餐时间和运动如何影响普通一般人的健康，人们所知甚少。

time安排...的时间/测定或记录...的时间/为...选择时机v，performance表现/表演n，general一般/综合/普遍的a

3 To find out, recently British scientists conducted a study. They first found 10 overweight and inactive but otherwise healthy young men, whose lifestyles are, for better and worse, representative of those of most of us.

为了找到答案，最近英国科学家进行了一项研究。他们首先找到10名超重、不爱运动但身体健康的年轻男性。他们的生活方式（无论好坏）多多少少代表了我们大多数人的生活方式。

conduct组织/实施/指挥(音乐)v，overweight超重的/肥胖的a，inactive不活跃的a，otherwise要不然/不同/在其他方面ad，lifestyle生活方式n，representative代表n

They tested the men's fitness and resting metabolic (新陈代谢的) rates and took samples (样品) of their blood and fat tissue .

他们事先测试了这些男子的健康状况和休息状态下新陈代谢的频率，并对血液和脂肪组织进行样本采集。

fitness健康n，fat脂肪n/胖的a，tissue组织n

4 Then, on two separate morning visits to the scientists' lab, each man walked for an hour at an average speed that, in theory should allow his body to rely mainly on fat for fuel .

然后叫他们在两个不同的早上到科学家实验室各来一次。要求每一个人以一般速度步行一小时。理论上，这样的速度应该能消耗他们身体上的脂肪（不管吃不吃早饭步行，步行时身体主要以脂肪作为燃料）。

separate各自分开的a/分开v，average平均普通的a，mainly主要地ad，fuel燃料n/助燃v

Before one of these workouts , the men skipped breakfast, meaning that they exercise d on a completely empty stomach after a long overnight fast (禁食). On the other occasion , they ate a rich morning meal about two hours before they started walking.

其中的一次锻炼前他们不吃早餐，这就意味着他们完全空着肚子锻炼（在经过了一夜长时间的禁食之后）。另外一次锻炼前他们先吃了一顿丰盛的早餐（在开始走两小时的路前）。

workout锻炼n，exercise锻炼n/v，overnight一夜之间ad/一夜的a，occasion场合/机会n

5 Just before and an hour after each workout, the scientists took additional samples of the men's blood and fat tissue .

在每一次（恰逢）锻炼前，和锻炼（一小时）后，科学家们都采集了这些人的血液和脂肪组织的额外的样本。

additional额外的a，sample样本n，tissue组织n

6 Then they compared the samples. There were considerable differences. Most obviously , the men displayed lower blood sugar levels at the start of their workouts when they had skipped breakfast than when they had eaten.

研究人员然后比较了这些样本，发现有相当大的差异。最明显的是，这些人在锻炼开始时，不吃早餐的血糖水平更低（与吃早餐的情形比起来）。

considerable担当多的a，obviously明显ad，display展示v，sugar糖n

As a result, they burned more fat during walks on an empty stomach than when they had eaten first. On the other hand, they burned slightly more calories (卡路里), on average, during the workout after breakfast than after fasting.

所以，空腹时锻炼会燃烧更多的脂肪（相对于吃早饭后锻炼而言）。另一方面平均而言，吃早饭后锻炼会消耗更多的热量卡（相对于不吃早餐锻炼而言）。

slightly轻微ad

7 But it was the effects deep within the fat cells that may have been the most significant , the researchers found. Multiple genes behaved differently, depending on whether someone had eaten or not before walking.

但研究人员发现，研究锻炼对脂肪细胞的深层影响可能是最重要的。锻炼中许多基因的表现的不同都取决于你锻炼前是否吃过东西。

cell细胞n，significant重要的a，multiple许多多样的，gene基因

Many of these genes produce proteins (蛋白质) that can improve blood sugar regulation and insulin (胰岛素) levels throughout the body and so are associated with improved metabolic health.

许多这些基因会产生蛋白质，能改善整个人体内血糖的调节和胰岛素的含量，所以与人体新陈代谢的改善有很大关系（与改善过的新陈代谢健康有关联）。

produce生产/导致v，regulation管理/规范n，associate与人交往/将…和…联系起来v，improved改良的/改进过的

These genes were much more active when the men had fasted before exercise than when they had breakfasted.

不吃早饭的运动时，这些基因会活跃得多（比吃早餐后运动）。

8 The implication of these results is that to gain the greatest health benefits from exercise, it may be wise to skip eating first.

这些结果表明，要想从运动中获得最大的健康益处，最好先不吃东西。

implication含义/暗示/牵连/可能的结果/影响

NO 72：在饭店吃饭要留意，旁边食量大的瘦子会影响你的消费

适用对象 : 高一尖子生，高二中等生、高三学生；想参加大学四、六级等级考试的同学。

编辑声明 : 高中/大学无障碍阅读系列材料来自市面或网络上公开的全国各地高考原文、名地名校模考佳文、《英语周报》、大学各类等级考试中（低、中难度）原文。所有文章均由张九明本人参照《网易有道词典》编译而成。翻译时采用“英式汉化”翻译（虽然从汉语的角度看这样的翻译很不规范）便于学员您对原文的快速理解。

NO 72：在饭店吃饭要留意，旁边食量很大的瘦子可能会影响你的消费

1 According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research, both the size and consumption habits of our eating companions can influence our food intake .

根据《消费者研究杂志》最近的一项研究，和我们一起吃饭的同伴的饭量和消费习惯会影响我们的食物摄入量。

journal报纸杂志n，consumer消费者n，consumption消费n，companion同伴n，intake摄入n

And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions(份), it’s the beanpoles瘦长之人 with big appetites you really need to avoid.

以前的研究认为：你应该避免和大食量的肥胖之人一起吃饭。正好相反，最近的研究表明：你应该避免和大食量的瘦长之人一起吃饭。

contrary相反a/n，existing现存的a，appetite爱好/食欲/欲望n

2 To test the effect of social influence on eating habits, the researchers conducted two experiments. In the first, 95 undergraduate women were individually invited into a lab to ostensibly(表面上) participate in a study about movie viewership .

为了验证社会因素（影响）对饮食习惯的影响，研究人员进行了两次实验。第一次实验有95名女在校大学生被一个个地（一次一个人）邀请进入实验室，参与一个表面上是关于电影收视率的调查研究。

undergraduate在读大学生n，individually个别地ad，participate参加v，viewership收视率n

Before the film began, each woman was asked to help herself to a snack . An actor hired by the researchers grabbed her food first. In her natural state, the actor weighed 105 pounds.

电影开始之前，每个女大学生都被要求吃点零食。研究人员雇佣了一名演员（自然状态下真实的体重是105磅，坐在实验者的旁边）。每次实验，她总是抢先急不可待地抓起食物就吃。

snack小吃n

But in half the cases she wore a specially designed fat suit which increased her weight to 180 pounds.

但有一半情况下，该演员穿着一件经过特别设计的脂肪套装，把她的体重增加到180磅。

suit（同一料子的）一套外衣n

3 Both the fat and thin versions of the actor took a large amount of food. The participants followed suit , taking more food than they normally would have. However, they took significantly more when the actor was thin.

实验时胖版演员和瘦版演员都吃了大量的食物。所有实验对象也都跟风照做了（吃的食物比她们平时都要多）。然而，和瘦版演员一起吃饭的实验对象会花更多的钱（比和胖版演员一起吃饭）。

version版本n，follow suit跟风v

4 For the second test, in one case the thin actor took two pieces of candy from the snack bowls. In the other case, she took 30 pieces.

在第二次测试中，瘦版演员有一回从零食碗里拿了2块糖，又有一回拿了30块糖。

snack小吃n

The results were similar to the first test: the participants followed suit but took significantly more candy when the thin actor took 30 pieces.

结果与第一次测试相似，参与者们也跟风照做了，但当瘦版演员吃了30块糖果时，参与者们却吃了多得多的糖果（比第一次测试）。

significantly意味深长地/重大地/非常ad

5 The tests show that the social environment is extremely influential when we’re making decisions. If this fellow participant is going to eat more, so will I. Call it the “I’ll have what she’s having” effect. However, we’ll adjust the influence.

测试表明，社会环境对我们饭量的大小有很大的影响。如果你旁边吃饭的人打算多吃一点，我也会多吃一点，我们称之为“她吃什么我吃什么”效应。但是，我们要改变/调整这种影响。

social社会的a，extremely极其ad，influential有影响的/有说服力的a，participant参加者n

If an overweight person is having a large portion , I’ll hold back a bit because I see the results of his eating habits. But if a thin person eats a lot, I’ll follow suit. If he can eat much and keep slim, why can’t I?

如果我旁边吃饭的胖子吃的分量很大，我会会稍微控制一点，因为我看到了他的滥吃的习惯的后果。但如果我旁边吃饭的瘦子吃得很多，我也会这么做。他可以吃得多但保持苗条，为什么我就不能呢?

overweight超重肥胖的a，portion一份n

NO 70：最近研究，早饭前后锻炼身体对健康的影响大不相同

NO 72：在饭店吃饭要留意，旁边食量大的瘦子会影响你的消费

NO 72：在饭店吃饭要留意，旁边食量很大的瘦子可能会影响你的消费

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