肥胖的人更容易脑中风?6个中风发生前的信号不可不知!
最近30年我国肥胖症患病率明显增长①。我国成年人群肥胖率高达16.4%②!肥胖会增加心脑血管风险,引起较多并发症。可怕的脑卒中就是其中之一,俗称“中风”③。
肥胖的人更容易发生中风
王阿姨(化名)今年67岁了,特别喜欢吃美食喝奶茶,体重偏高,前几年查出了高血脂,可王阿姨没当回事儿,还是天天出去吃很多好吃的,体重是越来越重了……有一天,王阿姨突然出现了面瘫、说话说不清楚的情况,家人将她送去了医院,医生说,王阿姨得了中风……
王阿姨只是肥胖,为什么会得中风呢?肥胖与高血压、血脂异常和阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停发生率增加相关,同时脂肪组织的增加与加速动脉粥样硬化形成有关,肥胖可能会与慢性炎症有关,从而促进血栓形成,增加中风的发生风险④。
用我们熟悉的身体质量指数(BMI)来看的话,数据显示,BMI每增长2 kg/m2,缺血性卒中发病风险即增高18.8%⑤!
中风危害大,严重威胁生命健康
中风具有高发病率、高致残率、高死亡率、高复发率以及高经济负担的特点。我国中风发病率更是不断上升,位居全球首位⑥。
我国约40%中风患者遗留中度功能障碍,15%-30%存在严重功能障碍,70%-80%的患者会出现不同程度的劳动力丧失,无法独立生活⑦。全国每年死于中风的患者约达188万⑤。
一旦发生缺血性卒中,大血管每堵塞1分钟就会有190万个脑细胞死亡,使患者永久性脑损伤、残疾或死亡的风险明显增高⑧。研究发现,症状出现后3小时内治疗可以提高恢复的可能性。因此,及时识别中风、尽早就医非常重要!
中风常见症状包括:
1.一侧脸部、手臂或腿部突然感到无力或瘫痪;
2.神志迷乱、说话或理解困难;
3.单眼或双眼识物困难;
4.走路困难、眩晕、失去平衡或协调能力;
5.无原因的严重头痛;
6.昏厥或失去知觉⑨。
为了有效改善患者预后,可以采取“中风120”三步识别法,帮助患者早期、快速识别中风⑥。
【1】看到1张脸(是否口角歪)
【2】查两只胳膊(是否有一侧不能抬起)
【0】聆(零)听语言(是否出现说话不清楚、大舌头)
如果发现有可能是中风,一定要立即拨打120,前往最近可治疗中风的医院进行治疗。
远离中风,肥胖人群做好3点
1.营养干预②③
可以多吃全谷物、蔬菜、水果、大豆及其制品、奶类及其制品、鱼肉、坚果,少吃高盐、高糖、高脂及油炸食品,尽量避免饮酒和饮用含糖饮料,同时减少在外就餐及外卖点餐。
2.运动干预①
建议每周运动3-5天,累计150 分钟以上。每周也可以进行2-3次抗阻运动,锻炼肌肉力量和耐力。
3.认知和行为干预③
可以在专业人士指导下采取饮食日记、营养教育APP或小程序等自我管理方式,逐步学会识别食物的特性、选择健康的食物进行科学的饮食搭配、控制进餐过程等。
如果生活方式干预效果不佳,经评估后可根据患者情况选择药物联合生活方式干预或者减重手术治疗③。
温馨提示:
肥胖患者可以通过健康的生活方式、良好的饮食习惯、增加身体活动以及体重的自我监测等措施来减轻体重,进而减少中风风险。如果出现了中风危险信号,需要立即拨打急救电话,在最短时间内送至正规医疗机构,避免危害发生。
参考文献:
①中华医学会,等.肥胖症基层诊疗指南(2019年)[J].中华全科医师杂志,2020,19(2):95-101.
②中华医学会内分泌学分会,等.基于临床的肥胖症多学科诊疗共识(2021年版)[J].中华内分泌代谢杂志,2021,37(11):959-972.
③中国营养学会肥胖防控分会,等.中国居民肥胖防治专家共识[J].中国预防医学杂志,2022,23(5):321-339.
④曹娟,等. 国际脑血管病杂志,2018,12:917-920.
⑤王陇德,等.《中国脑卒中防治报告2016》概要[J].中国脑血管病杂志,2017,14(4):217-224.
⑥湖北省脑卒中防治中心科普宣教专家组,湖北省脑血管病防治学会.脑卒中防治科普宣教专家共识[J].卒中与神经疾病,2021,28(6):713-718.
⑦张通, 等.中国医学前沿杂志.2012,4(4):25-26.
⑧Sources: Saver,J.L(2006).Time is brain Quant fied.Stroke,37(1):263-266.
⑨中华医学会全科医学分会慢病管理专业学组. 中国成人动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病基层管理路径专家共识(建议稿)[J].中国全科医学,2017,20(3):251-261.
审批号:SC-CN-14582,有效期:11/7/2026
来源: 健康时报
每日新闻播报(February 24)
Photo taken on July 11, 2017 shows tourists visiting the Qixing Lake Scenic Area of the Saihanba State Forest Park in Chengde City, north China's Hebei Province. [Photo/Xinhua]
>China to boost green, low-carbon economy
建立绿色低碳循环经济
The State Council has released a guideline to accelerate the development of a green and low-carbon circular economic development system.
国务院近日印发《关于加快建立健全绿色低碳循环发展经济体系的指导意见》。
The guideline urges efforts to firmly implement the new development philosophy, boost efficiency in the use of resources, strengthen protection of the ecological environment and effectively control greenhouse gas emissions.
《指导意见》提出,坚定不移贯彻新发展理念,使发展建立在高效利用资源、严格保护生态环境、有效控制温室气体排放的基础上。
By 2025, China will see a marked rise in the scale of green industries, a continued drop in major pollutants and a slashed carbon emission intensity, according to the guideline.
《指导意见》明确,到2025年,绿色产业比重显著提升,主要污染物排放总量持续减少,碳排放强度明显降低。
By 2035, energy and resource utilization efficiency in key industries and key products is expected to reach an internationally advanced level, and the goal to build a beautiful China will be basically reached.
到2035年,重点行业、重点产品能源资源利用效率达到国际先进水平,美丽中国建设目标基本实现。
To meet the targets, the document outlines key measures, including the development of green and low-carbon production, consumption and circulation systems.
为达到目标,《指导意见》部署了重点工作任务,包括健全绿色低碳循环发展的生产体系、消费体系和流通体系。
China has announced it will strive to peak carbon dioxide emissions by 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality by 2060.
我国已制定目标,二氧化碳排放力争在2030年前达峰,努力争取2060年实现碳中和。
[Photo/Sipa]
>1,421 fugitives returned to China
'天网'追回外逃人员1421人
China brought back 1,421 fugitives last year who were suspected of crimes, with 2.95 billion yuan in illegal gains recovered, the country's anti-graft agencies said on Monday. Among the fugitives were 28 who appeared on Interpol red notices, which are international listings of wanted criminals, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of the Communist Party of China and the National Supervisory Commission said in a statement.
中央纪委国家监委2月22日发布声明称,"天网2020"行动共追回涉嫌职务犯罪外逃人员1421人,其中"红通人员"28人,追回赃款29.5亿元。
Despite the pandemic, the number of fugitives brought back last year was the second-highest since the Fugitive Repatriation and Asset Recovery Office of the Central Anti-Corruption Coordination Group was established in 2014.
去年,各级纪检监察机关克服疫情影响,追回外逃人员总数仍创2014年中央追逃办成立以来第二好成绩。
An attendant walks past EU and China flags ahead of the EU-China High-level Economic Dialogue at Diaoyutai State Guesthouse in Beijing, on June 25, 2018. [Photo/Agencies]
>Sino-German trade ties deepen
中德双边贸易逆势上涨
China was Germany's most important trading partner in 2020 for the fifth consecutive year, the Federal Statistical Office (Destatis) announced on Monday. Despite the coronavirus crisis, foreign trade turnover with China increased 3 percent compared to 2019, with goods worth 212.1 billion euros traded between China and Germany last year, according to figures from Destatis.
德国联邦统计局2月22日公布的数据显示,尽管受到新冠疫情影响,但2020年中国和德国双边贸易总额同比增长3%,约为2121亿欧元,中国连续第五年成为德国最重要贸易伙伴。
Germany's second and third most important trading partners were the Netherlands and the US, with foreign trade at 172.8 billion euros and 171.6 billion euros, respectively, according to Destatis. Compared to 2019, however, Germany's foreign trade with both countries declined 8.7 and 9.7 percent, respectively.
德国的第二和第三大贸易伙伴分别为荷兰、美国。2020年德荷、德美双边贸易总额分别为1728亿欧元和1716亿欧元,同比分别减少8.7%和9.7%。
Refrigerated tractor trailers used to store bodies of deceased people are seen at a temporary morgue, with the Statue of Liberty seen in the background, during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak, in the Brooklyn borough of New York City, US, May 13, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
>US COVID-19 deaths top 500,000
美新冠死亡病例超50万
The US reached the grim milestone of half a million coronavirus deaths on Monday, according to the Center for Systems Science and Engineering at Johns Hopkins University. With the national case count topping 28.1 million, the death toll across the US rose to 500,071 as of 4:24 pm local time, according to the data.
约翰斯•霍普金斯大学系统科学与工程中心发布的数据显示,截至美国东部时间2月22日16时24分,美国累计新冠死亡病例超过50万例,达500071例,累计确诊病例超过2810万例。
California replaced New York to become the US state with the most fatalities, standing at 49,439.
数据显示,加利福尼亚州超过纽约州,成为美国累计新冠死亡病例最多的州,该州新冠死亡病例数达49439例;
New York reported the country's second-largest death toll of 46,917, followed by Texas with 42,291 deaths and Florida with 30,065 deaths, the CSSE tally showed.
其次是纽约州,为46917例;得克萨斯州累计死亡病例为42291例,佛罗里达州为30,065例。
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来源:chinadaily.com.cn
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