英语四级必背作文及常见话题词汇(一):做好小事很重要
做好小事很重要
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on the importance of doing small things before undertaking something big. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
【参考范文】
首段:图画描述 This drawing, apparently, can be linked to the critical significance of doing small things. In the picture, the youngster expresses his worries about “disposing of nuclear waste”. To his surprise, his father points at the dustbin, telling him that if he can empty the dustbin there, he can do anything.
二段:图画主题+现象+意义 The father means that if young people dream to achieve success, it is sensible for them to start with little jobs. Admittedly, in the present-day society, it is a common phenomenon for many teenagers to neglect tiny things in life, such as cleaning rooms, washing clothes and emptying dustbins. Why? The reason is that a growing number of young people find it rather useless to deal with these things. A typical example is the boy in the picture. Nonetheless, it is these small tasks that ensure youngsters to master sufficient knowledge, competence and experience. Actually, wise people in large numbers have come to recognize the significance of these small things. Doing small things brings us skills, arouses our passion for success and helps us to make progress.
尾段:观点+建议+展望 As a college student, I am convinced that it is exceedingly necessary for young people to strengthen our comprehensive quality by doing small things. Accordingly, we should educate and encourage our friends and acquaintances to foster this positive awareness and habit. We, sparing no efforts to do so, may witness a hopeful and promising future of our work and study. Everyone should bear in mind that a big success originates from everyday small progress. (282词)
▼参考译文
显然,这幅图能自然联系到做好小事的重要性。图画中,一个年轻人表达了自己对“核废料处理”的担忧。使他感到吃惊的是,他爸爸指着垃圾筐告诉他,如果能把垃圾筐清空,他就能做好一切。
父亲的意思是,如果年轻人想要成功,就应该明智地从小的工作开始做起。确实,在当今社会,很多年轻人忽略身边的各种小事已经成为一种常见现象,例如打扫房间、洗衣服和清理垃圾筐。为什么?因为越来越多的年轻人觉得应对这些小事没有用。一个典型例子就是图画中的小孩。然而,正是这些小事确保年轻人能掌握足够的知识、能力和经验。事实上,很多聪明人已经意识到这些小事的重要性。做好这些小事带给我们技能,唤起我们对成功的热情,帮助我们进步。
作为一名大学生,我坚信年轻人很有必要通过做好小事提升自己的整体素质。因此,我们应该教育和鼓励我们的朋友和熟人培养这种积极的意识和习惯。如果我们不遗余力这样这样来做,未来我们的工作和生活将充满光明和希望。每个人都应该牢记大的成功源自于每天小的进步。
(范文中的句子顺序可随意调整,记得用不上的句子就直接放弃,只写会写会用能写对的表达)
优秀品质类话题词
悲观/乐观 pessimism / optimism
勤奋 diligence n. / diligent adj.
耐心 patience n./ patient adj.
尊老爱幼 respect the old and care for the young
创新 innovation
感谢 gratitude/ appreciation
美德 virtue
谨慎 prudence
逆境 setbacks
成功无捷径 there is no shortcut to success
终身学习 lifelong study
幽默感 a sense of humor
沟通 communication
身心健康 physical and mental health
捐献 donation
爱国主义 patriotism
奉献 contribution
梦想 ambitions
机遇 opportunity
挑战 challenge
勤俭节约 thrifty
奉献精神 the spirit of dedication
自信 self-confidence
诚实 honesty
谦虚 modesty
奋斗 strive
团队精神&合作 teamwork spirit & cooperation
竞争 competition
社会公德 public morality
责任 responsibility
内心美 inner beauty
和谐社会 harmonious society
相关热点: 四六级应试宝典 2014年英语六级听力真题read or 还是and write——否定句中?
赵振才《英语常见问题解答大词典》(增订版)第1021页or/and词条
【问】The servant can’t read and write in English but can speak English fluently.
(SEFC, 2A,《教师用书》,p.102)
上句中的can’t read and write的用法是否正确?
【答】根据句意,上句中的and应改为or。
——read and/or write结构,真的如同赵振才老师所改动及讲解的吗?
否定句中使用read or write还是read and write?
《麦克米伦高阶英汉双解词典》第3页able词条
She’s barely able to read or write . 她几乎不识字。
《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》第2165页read词条
He couldn’t read or write . 他不会读写。
《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》第八版第2412页write词条
In some countries children don’t start learning to read and write until they are six.
有些国家的儿童到了六岁才开始学习读书写字。
《COBUILD英汉双解词典》第1099页learn词条
He had never learnt to read and write . 他从来没有学习过文化。
《现代英语用法词典》(修订版 张道真主编)第1023页or词条
or 常用于否定句中,表示 “ 也不 ” (这时不宜用 and ):
He never smokes or drinks.
Sonia never cleans or even offers to wash the dishes.
肯定句中使用read and write还是read or write——当然是read and write。
《COBUILD英汉双解词典》第1063页read词条
read识字;会读;看懂
She taught all her children to read and write at an early age.
她叫她所有的孩子在年龄很小时就学会读书写字。
《COBUILD英汉双解词典》第2272页write词条
write写字;写;书写
I’m learning to read and write. 我在学校读书、写字。
《麦克米伦高阶英汉双解词典》第1720页read词条
By the age of five, he was able to read and write.
他3岁时就能读书和写字。
《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》第八版第1701页read词条
Some children can read and write before they go to school.
有些孩子在上学前就会看书写字。
《英语词语用法详解词典》第692页or词条
在否定句中,所列举的并列成分通常用or连接,但当并列成分分别有no修饰时,则可用and连接。
It has no feet or legs.
It has no feel and no legs.
这两句都意为:“它既没有胳膊,也没有腿。”
《柯林斯高级英语用法词典》第630页or词条
在否定词后面用or而不用and。例如:
我不喜欢看法或茶。
误:I do not like coffee and tea.
正:I do not like coffee or tea.
I am not detached or remote. 我没有感到孤立或疏远。
《英语常用词疑难用法手册》第043页and词条
通常可以这样理解:
否定 X and Y 时,是对两者相加之和加以否定,而不是对两者分别 —— 加以否定。
例如:
Don’t drink and drive. 勿醉酒开车(不否定醉酒,也不否定开车,但对两者加在一起予以否定)。
而否定 X or Y 时,是对两者每一个部分分别加以否定 。例如:
He can read and write. 是可以的,但He cannot read and write. 就说不清楚究竟他会读不会写还是会写不会读(正确的应该说He cannot read or write.)
否定后面两者用and连接时,究竟是否定哪个肯定哪个,是不清楚的。
否定了X or Y是两者都一一被否定,这个否定,不一定是not, no之类的否定词,也可以不过是带有部分否定意义的副词,如hardly, scarcely, rarely之类。遇到这种情况,要注意这个部分否定的作用是通过 or 一直涵盖到 Y 的,不要把 Y 误解为不受否定 。
尽管各有各的说法,我们还是遵照否定句中使用read or write更为可靠把握。
2017年12月27日
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