每日一词根FORM

FORM comes from Latin Verb formare 意为 to shape, give form to (动词词根), also comes from Latin Noun forma 'form '.(名词词根), 同义词根有来源于希腊语词根MORPH

FORM思维导图

inform [ɪn'fɔrm] vt. 通知；告诉；报告 vi. 告发；告密 CET4 TEM4

[拆] in(into) + form(to give form) -> 给...以形状 -> 描述某物 -> 告知, 通知

● COLLINS

v-t if you inform someone of something, you tell them about it. 告知 ; v-i if someone informs on a person, they give information about the person to the police or another authority, which causes the person to be suspected or proved guilty of doing something bad. 检举 ; v-t if a situation or activity is informed by an idea or a quality, that idea or quality is very noticeable in it. 弥漫 (思想或品质等) [正式]

● 拓展

informed [ɪn'fɔrmd] adj. 见多识广的；消息灵通的；有根据的；明智的（猜测或决定） v. 通知；使了解；提供资料（inform的过去式和过去分词）

informative [ɪn'fɔrmətɪv] adj. 提供有用信息的；教育性的

informal [ɪn'fɔrml] adj. 非正式的；不拘礼节的；随便的；通俗的；日常使用的

information ['ɪnfɚ'meʃən] n. 信息，资料；知识；情报

informality [ɪnfɔr'mæləti] n 非正式; 不拘礼节

● e.g.

They would inform him of any progress they had made. 他们将把自己所取得的任何进展都告诉他

deform [dɪˈfɔrm] vt. 使变形；使成畸形 vi. 变形；变畸形 adj. 畸形的；丑陋的 TEM8

[拆] de(away, off) + form(to shape) -> put out of shape(使变形)

● 拓展

deformed [dɪ'fɔrmd] adj. 畸形的；丑陋的；残废的 v. 使……残缺；使……变形（deform 的过去式和过去分词）

deformity [dɪ'fɔrməti] n. 畸形；畸形的人或物；道德方面的缺陷

deformation ['difɔr'meʃən] n. 变形

● e.g.

Bad rheumatoid arthritis deforms limbs. 严重的类风湿性关节炎会使肢体畸形

conform [kən'fɔrm] vi. 符合；遵照；适应环境 vt. 使遵守；使一致；使顺从 adj. 一致的；顺从的 CET6 TEM4

[拆] con(together) + form(to form) -> to shape together -> 与...共同成型 -> 一致; 遵守

● COLLINS

v-i if something conforms to something such as a law or someone's wishes, it is of the required type or quality. (与法律、愿望等) 相符合;

● 拓展

conformity [kən'fɔrməti] n. 遵守；符合；一致信奉英国国教 nonconformity [,nɑnkən'fɔrmɪti] n. 不一致；不信奉国教；不墨守成规

conformation [,kɑnfɔr'meʃən] n. 构造；一致，符合；构象

conformist [kən'fɔrmɪst] n 英国国教徒

nonconformist [,nɑnkən'fɔrmɪst] n 非国教徒

● e.g.

The lamp has been designed to conform to new safety standards. 该灯设计得符合新的安全标准

transform [træns'fɔrm] vt. 改变，使…变形；转换 vi. 变换，改变；转化 CET4 TEM4

[拆] trans(across到另一方)+form(to shape) -> to shape across让形状从一边到另外边 -> 使变形; 使转变

● 拓展

transformation [,trænsfɚ'meʃən] n. [遗] 转化；转换；改革；变形

transformer [træns'fɔrmɚ] n. [电] 变压器；促使变化的人

transformable [træns'fɔ:rməbl] adj. 可变化的；可变形的；可转化的

● e.g.

Your metabolic rate is the speed at which your body transforms food into energy. 你的新陈代谢率就是你身体将食物转换成能量的速度

formulate ['fɔrmjə'let] vt. 规划；用公式表示；明确地表达 CET6

[拆] form(shape)+ula(a small thing)+ate(v后缀) formula(a little shape: 后来指处方, 方案准则) -> 使成为处方/小方案 -> 用公式简述

● COLLINS

v-t if you formulate something such as a plan or proposal, you invent it, thinking about the details carefully. 构想出 (计划或提案); v-t if you formulate a thought, opinion, or idea, you express it or describe it using particular words. 用独特的词语表述

● 拓展

formulation [,fɔrmjə'leʃən] n. 制订，规划；（想法或理论的）系统阐述；表达方式；制剂，配方

formula ['fɔrmjələ] n. [数] 公式，准则；配方；婴儿食品

● e.g.

Little by little, he formulated his plan for escape. 他一点一点地构想出了他的逃跑计划

perform [pɚ'fɔrm] vt. 执行；完成；演奏 vi. 执行，机器运转；表演 CET4

[拆] per(completely完全地)+form(to finish) -> 完成的很彻底 -> 履行; 完成

● COLLINS

v-t when you perform a task or action, especially a complicated one, you do it. 做; 执行 (尤指复杂的任务或行动); v-t if something performs a particular function, it has that function. 行使 (某种功能);

● 拓展

performance [pɚ'fɔrməns] n. 性能；绩效；表演；执行；表现

performer [pɚ'fɔrmɚ] n. 演出者；执行者；演奏者

● e.g.

We're looking for people of all ages who have performed outstanding acts of bravery, kindness, or courage. 我们正在寻找各个年龄的、曾有过无畏、善良或英勇之举的杰出人士

reform [rɪ'fɔrm] v. 改革，革新；重组；（使）改过自新；（石油炼制）重整 n. 改革，改良；改正 adj. 改革的；改革教会的 CET4 TEM4

[拆] re(again)+form(to shape) -> 再次修改形状 -> 改革

● COLLINS

n-var reform consists of changes and improvements to a law, social system, or institution. a reform is an instance of such a change or improvement. 改革; 改良 ; v-t if someone reforms something such as a law, social system, or institution, they change or improve it. 改革; 改良; v-t/v-i when someone reforms or when something reforms them, they stop doing things that society does not approve of, such as breaking the law or drinking too much alcohol. 改造; 改过自新

● 拓展

reformatory [rɪ'fɔrmətɔri] n. 少年犯管教所，青少年教养院 adj. 改革的，革新的；感化的

reformation [,rɛfɚ'meʃən] n. 革新；改善

reformatory [rɪ'fɔrmətɔri] n. 少年犯管教所，青少年教养院 adj. 改革的，革新的；感化的

● e.g.

The party embarked on a programme of economic reform. 这个政党开始了一个经济改革的计划

uniform [junəˌfɔrm] adj. 统一的；一致的；相同的；均衡的；始终如一的 n. 制服 vt. 使穿制服；使成一样 CET6

[拆] uni(one)+form(shape) -> 一个形状 -> 一致

● COLLINS

n-var a uniform is a special set of clothes which some people, for example soldiers or the police, wear to work in and which some children wear in school. 制服 ; adj if something is uniform, it does not vary, but is even and regular throughout. 一致的 ; adj if you describe a number of things as uniform, you mean that they are all the same. 同样的

● 拓展

uniformity [,jʊnə'fɔrməti] n. 均匀性；一致；同样

uninformative [,ʌnɪn'fɔrmətɪv] adj. 不提供信息的；不增长见闻的

form [fɔrm] n. 形式，形状；形态，外形；方式；表格 vt. 构成，组成；排列，组织；产生，塑造 vi. 形成，构成；排列 CET4 TEM4

● COLLINS

n-count a form of something is a type or kind of it. 种类 ; n-count when something can exist or happen in several possible ways, you can use form to refer to one particular way in which it exists or happens. 方式 ; n-count the form of something is its shape. 形状 ; n-count you can refer to something that you can see as a form if you cannot see it clearly, or if its outline is the clearest or most striking aspect of it. 外形; v-t if something is arranged or changed so that it becomes similar to a thing with a particular structure or function, you can say that it forms that thing. (某物) 改变而形成 (另一物); v-t if something consists of particular things, people, or features, you can say that they form that thing. 构成 ; v-t if you say that something forms a person's character or personality, you mean that it has a strong influence on them and causes them to develop in a particular way. 塑造 ; n-uncount in sports, form refers to the ability or success of a person or animal over a period of time. 竞技状态

● 拓展

unformed [,ʌn'fɔrmd] adj. 未成形的；未充分发展的

format ['fɔrmæt] n. 格式；版式；开本 vt. 使格式化；规定…的格式 vi. 设计版式

formless ['fɔrmləs] adj. 没有形状的；无定形的；形体不明的

formative ['fɔrmətɪv] adj. 形成的；造型的；格式化的 n. 构词要素

formation [fɔr'meʃən] n. 形成；构造；编队

malformation ['mælfɔr'meʃən] n. 畸形；变形

malformed [,mæl'fɔrmd] adj. 畸形的，难看的

multiform ['mʌltɪfɔːm] adj. 多样的；多种形式的

formal ['fɔrml] adj. 正式的；拘谨的；有条理的 n. 正式的社交活动；夜礼服

[拆] form(shape) + al(adj后缀) -> 由形状的(表示一切都有了固定的模式) -> 正式的 CET4

● COLLINS :

adj formal speech or behaviour is very correct and serious rather than relaxed and friendly, and is used especially in official situations. 正式的 (演讲、行为); adj a formal action, statement, or request is an official one. 官方的 ; 正式的 (行为、陈述、要求等) [adj n]; adj formal clothes are very elegant clothes that are suitable for formal occasions. 适合正式场合的 (服装) [adj n]; adj formal education or training is given officially, usually in a school, college, or university. 正规的 (教育、培训等) [adj n];

platform ['plæt'fɔrm] n. 平台；月台，站台；坛；讲台 CET4 TEM4

[拆] plat(flat平)+form(shape) -> 平台

● COLLINS

n-count a platform is a flat raised structure, usually made of wood, that people stand on when they make speeches or give a performance. 讲台 ; 舞台 ; n-count a platform is a flat raised structure or area, usually one that something can stand on or land on. (用于放置物品或着陆的) 平台 ; n-count a platform is a structure built for people to work and live on when drilling for oil or gas at sea, or when extracting it. (在海上为钻探石油或天然气而建的) 平台 ; n-count the platform of a political party is what they say they will do if they are elected. (政党的) 施政纲领 ; n-count if someone has a platform, they have an opportunity to tell people what they think or want. 发表意见的机会

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python程序设计基础（十二）

例4

一个所有元素都不相等的列表和一个整数n，要求：以n这一数值为准，将大于n的数值放在n的前面，小于n的数值放在n的后面并形成一个新列表。

思路

通过遍历原来的列表，将大于n的数值放在新建列表1中，小于n的数值放在新建列表2中，最后将新建列表1、n、新建列表2拼接组合。

方法

方法1：通过遍历将符合要求的数值使用append（）方法添加到新列表中，优势在于时间节省，在此方法中，列表只需遍历一次。

方法2：通过列表推导式判断数值的大小并分类。

期待这个冬天

定义函数func（）。位置参数List，待处理列表；n，判断大小的标准数值。新建列表1，2。对List的元素i进行遍历，与n进行比较，大于n是数值放在list1，小于n的数值放在list2并通过append（）方法放置。最后将两个新列表和列表【n】进行拼接。

英文翻译

Example 4. A list with unequal elements and an integer n. The requirements: take the value of n as the standard, put the value greater than n before n, and the value less than n after n and form a new List.

Idea: By traversing the original list, put the values greater than n in the new list 1, and the values less than n in the new list 2, and finally combine the new list 1, n, and the new list 2.

Method 1: Use the append() method to add the required values to the new list through traversal. The advantage is time saving. In this method, the list only needs to be traversed once.

Method 2: Determine the size of the value and classify it through a list deduction.

Code: Define the function func(). Position parameter List, the list to be processed; n, the standard value for judging the size. Create a new list 1, 2. The element i of List is traversed and compared with n. The value greater than n is placed in list1, and the value less than n is placed in list2 and placed through the append() method. Finally, the two new lists and list [n] are spliced together.

参考资料：《python程序设计基础》董付国

翻译：Gogol翻译

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